Static vs Dynamic IP Addresses
The difference between an IP that never changes and one that changes every time you connect.
1. What is a Dynamic IP Address?
Most home internet users have dynamic IP addresses. Your Internet Service Provider (ISP) has a large pool of IP addresses, and they "lease" one to you when you log on. When your lease expires (or you restart your router), that IP goes back into the pool, and you might get a different one.
- Automatic Assignment: Handled by DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol).
- Cost-Effective: ISPs don't have to manage specific IPs for millions of users.
- Security: Changing IPs makes it slightly harder for attackers to target a specific home network over long periods.
2. What is a Static IP Address?
A static IP is assigned specifically to one device or account and stays the same until the contract or configuration is manually changed. You usually have to pay extra for a static IP from your ISP.
- DNS Hosting: Crucial if you are running a server (web, mail, or FTP) that people need to find at the same address.
- Remote Access: Makes it easy to VPN into your home or office network because the address is always the same.
- Whitelisting: Required for secure business systems that only allow access from specific, known IP addresses.
Quick Comparison
Dynamic IP (Home)
- ✅ Free/Standard cost
- ✅ Set and forget
- ❌ Hard to host servers
- ❌ IP changes randomly
Static IP (Business)
- ✅ Perfect for hosting
- ✅ Reliable remote access
- ❌ Monthly fee usually required
- ❌ Manual setup needed
Which one do you have?
If you are at home, you almost certainly have a dynamic IP. You can check this by noting your current IP, restarting your router, and seeing if it changes after 30 minutes.
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